Alexander Technique

The popular Athenian comic writer Menander (342-291 B. C. ) once said â€Å"health and astuteness are the two endowments of life. † This was the viewpoint of his practically sensible delineation of a situational character as an outstanding entertainer wherein brain and body were thrilled upon Menander’s parodies. Likely the best part of Menander’s diversion was his wise mental and physical motions that charmed the immediacy which he passed on to the audience.The transport of mental and physical signals have to be sure become the restorative standard of the Australian entertainer and Shakespearean speaker Frederick Matthias Alexander (1869-1955) who at that point found a strategy of powerful vocalization through mental and physical easement and control known as the ‘Alexander Technique’. In such manner, this paper will examine a few investigations on the Alexander Technique which has been known and embraced by most stage and film entertainers and has been openly prescribed to be utilized as treatment. What is Alexander Technique?According to the electronic diary, ‘The Complete Guide to Alexander Technique’, the Alexander Technique (AT) was created in the mid 1900’s by Frederick Matthias Alexander (1869-1955) to discharge his incessant laryngitis pressure for best vocal execution which he later created as a total mental and exercise based recuperation. In light of the individual experience of prestigious wellbeing journalist of the New York Times Jane Brody, the Alexander strategy is a technique for altering body stances to soothe her harming stresses, such as easing her neck pressure, intermittent torment, and in any event, devastating fits (Brody, 1990).Moreover, as indicated by Anne Rickover’s Life Bridge Coaching, the Alexander Technique can be useful to everybody, particularly the individuals who are occupied with the sensitive harmonization of the brain and body [like entertainers, artists and mus icians], just as to harmed artists. Today, the dominance of this procedure is required in different expressions and music schools across Europe, America and Australasia. (Rickover, R. , 2007). Justification of strategy According to Nicholas Brockbank, an educator of the Alexander Technique, the elements of psyche (mental) and body (physical) are the essential arranges in utilizing the Alexander Technique.Thus, the coordinative capacities are the fundamental technique for application or use. The disclosure of useful directions [as a method] was respected by Frederick Matthias Alexander when he felt his voice or vocalization was â€Å"vacillating† (Brockbank, 2007). Before a mirror, Alexander watched the irregularity of his voice to his brain setting. Additionally, the psyche and the body were â€Å"indivisible† human resources from which the manner in which individuals think the manner in which they acted was the essential driver of their physical ills (Brockbank, 2007) .Brockbank inferred that the strategy for organizing brain and body are components of â€Å"physical habits† that Alexander Technique embraces the technique for useful directions (Brockbank, 2007). Utilization of strategy Upon Frederick Matthias Alexander’s disclosure and selection of the strategy, he was propelled and urged to impart it to performing craftsman, most particularly with the artists and the vocalists, which he thought were worried during the practices with the additional nervousness (stage alarm) before the audience.To refer to, the psychological and physical development must be applied with legitimate coordination and capacity [as the good judgment and body] that in the end meets and sets aside the complex of stress that may result to Repetitive Strain Injury (which turns into a clinical term known as RSI), which is a typical physical issue of artists, artist, and artists (Brockbank, 2007).The Alexander Technique has created as a viable and material stra tegy in organizing the psychological and physical capacities and are utilized by a large portion of the performing craftsmen like Paul McCartney, Yehudi Menuhin, Sting, Julian Bream, James Galway, and the conductor, Sir Adrian Boul (Brockbank, 2007). It has additionally been coordinated into the educational programs of different schools, for example, the Juilliard School of Performing Arts in New York, The Royal College of Music in London, the Royal Conservatory of Music in Toronto, and different schools of music, colleges and universities around the globe (Brockbank, 2007).Findings, unmistakable strategies, and pertinence The distinct methodology in applying the strategy for Alexander Technique are seen as like the strategy for â€Å"Ergonomics†. A few â€Å"naturalists† [or those utilizing the characteristic fix and therapy] accept that what Frederick Matthias Alexander found was a â€Å"self-taught† technique which he by chance applied and thought as his own strategy. In which case, the naturalists recognizes Alexander’s revelation as an applied common science.Meaning, Alexander estimated and rehearsed the utilization of Ergonomics strategy wherein a few strategies for characteristic fix were just restricted to nations like Asia, Africa, the Middle East and different pieces of European nations. Also, as per Mark Hyman’s diary, Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine, the regular fix through treatment has for quite some time been rehearsed by the Egyptians, Africans, Chinese, and the Malays. Among of the indigenous and popular normal fixes are Acupuncture, Acupressure or the Thai back rub, fragrance based treatment, Reiki, and what is ordinarily referred to today as techniques for â€Å"Reflexology† or Physical treatment (Hyman, 2008).According to Holly A. Sweeney, a guaranteed Ergonomist, the main strategy that is being perceived in Alexander Technique is that the utilitarian utilization of psyche and body arra nges without outer physical control. Also, the intensity of reasoning (mind) has a few degrees or level of correspondence to what the physical (body) self will do or to do (Sweeney, 2007). In light of Sweeney’s discoveries, the term â€Å"ergonomics† is gotten from the two Greek words â€Å"ERG† (which means to work) and â€Å"NOMOI† (which means regular laws).The investigation of Ergonomics centers around human capacity towards work, in which the association or connection to work will meet the â€Å"demand† or execution of human ability that has the accompanying basics: (1) All work exercises ought to permit the specialist take on similarly sound and safe stances, (2) Muscular power must be applied it ought to be finished by the biggest proper muscle bunches accessible, and (3) Work exercises ought to be done with the joints at about mid-purpose of their scope of development which applies explicitly to the head, trunk, and upper appendages. (Cortl ett, 1983; in Sweeney, 2007).It might be concluded from the discoveries of Sweeney that Ergonomics is a lot of interrelated strategy to Alexander’s, considering the way that Ergonomics likewise covers all â€Å"stress-out† techniques, which is otherwise called extending at the unexpected fit of body joints and muscles while at work. In any case, the acknowledgment of Alexander Technique [although corresponding to Ergonomics] has been done by the one of a kind strategy for â€Å"exercising out† the pressure from the vocal harmonies of the artist and larynx of artists [using pipe instruments] through coordination of â€Å"psycho-physical† capacities (Sweeney, 2007).In expansion, the utilitarian â€Å"psycho-physical† coordination conjures the ability of the entertainer with an unexpected â€Å"gush† of regard and self-assurance that passes on the great physical stance and impeccable vocalization (Sweeney, 2007). End Natural fix is indigenous a nd halfway a transformative medication that supplements the ceaseless improvement of clinical sciences. In fact, what has been cited by Menander (342-291 B. C.), that â€Å"health and mind are the two endowments of life†, has been demonstrated by the hypothesis and practice of Frederick Matthias Alexander. The Alexander Technique is a characteristic treatment that must give advancement of formative examinations as a helpful recuperating strategy that holds fast to preventive medication. The therapeutic worth demonstrates the advantages, value, and cost effectiveness. Be that as it may, the act of the Alexander Technique may just be constrained and pertinent to word related work of eminent expertise.The practice of Alexander Technique could be increasingly gainful, fitting, and restorative when esteemed at the enormous scope backing of treatment. Throughout the years, the going with advancement of clinical science has acquired experimentation of logical endeavors. The clinical negligence in demonstrative and hospitalized treatment despite everything happens the world over, in spite of the fact that the occurrences are not many and not disturbing. The suspicion may not exclusively be a post-careful injury however a social shame. For all intents and purposes, nobody needs to be hospitalized.This fundamentally because of the huge expenses of hospitalization, shortage to social insurance advantages or clinical government assistance (explicitly in poor nations), the flooding costs of meds, and the nervousness to clinical treatment or â€Å"medical phobia†. It tends to be at that point found that different types of normal mending, similar to Alexander Technique, could be excused into a more extensive social viewpoint as a preventive elective medication instead of continually falling back on clinic fix. References Brody, J. (1990). ‘Personal Health’. New York Times electronic magazine.Retrieved 10 May 2008 from http://question. nytimes. com/ gst/fullpage. html? res=9C0CE0DB1031F932A15755C0A966958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all. Brockbank, N. (2007). ‘What did Alexander Discover †And for what reason is it Important? ’ . Recovered 10 May 2008 from http://www. alexandertechnique. com/articles2/brockbank/. Hyman, M. A. (2008). ‘Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine’. InnoVision Issue Vol. 14, No. 3. Recovered 10 May 2008 from http://www. elective treatments advanced. com/elective treatments/20070506/?sub_id=DLuKONBMDWMwD. Rickover, R.

“Examine the View That the Family Is Universal”

George Murdock inspected the organization of the family in a wide scope of society. Murdock took an example of 250 social orders of various societies and found that there was some type of the family unit which existed in each general public. Murdock then presumed that the family is all inclusive and gives four capacity. Sexual(stable relationship for grown-ups), reproduction(continuing to make more society individuals), monetary (pools assets to accommodate one another), socialization (shows standards and estimations of society).Kathleen Gough couldn't help contradicting Murdock articulation that the family is widespread since she explored a general public in India called the Nayar who were an exemption to the family. For instance sandbanham connections were not long lasting associations, either gathering could end the relationship whenever, sunbanham spouses had no obligation towards the offspring’s of their wives, husband and wives didn't frame a financial unit. Spouses were not expected to keep up their wives. This general public was a matrilineal society. regarding Murdock meaning of the family, no family existed in the nayar society since the individuals who kept up an explicitly endorsed relationship didn't live respectively and collaborate economically.Another kind of family known as the martifocal familles are viewed as an expection to murdocks defintion of the family as certain youngsters are brought up in a family unit that don't contain men and are going by females. For instance a noteworthy proprtion of dark familles in the island of the west indies(Guyana).female headed familles are oftern known as the matriarchal family.Another kind of family which may conflict with murdock meaning of the family is gay and lesbian families.murodck asserted the family will contain â€Å"two of both sexes† anyway lesbian and gay family contain an association from the equivalent gender.In end despite the fact that the family unit, the perfect sort of fa mily from the new rights viewpoint is found in each general public. Not all family unit comprise of this specific family. In this manner the family unit as I would see it isn't unversal since it isn't found in each family.

HOW TO Embed Facebook Videos On Your Blog

HOW TO Embed Facebook Videos On Your Blog Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!HOW TO: Embed Facebook Videos On Your BlogUpdated On 23/04/2017Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : Featured GuidesShort URL : http://hbb.me/2ozhAQk CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogEver since Facebook introduced videos, it is one of the most viral ways to promote videos on the web and you can also embed those videos on your blog. Below you can check the two simple ways for doing this.Embedding Your Facebook Videos On BlogThis section tells you how to embed your Facebook videos, that means videos uploaded by you. Facebook provides an easy option for doing that.#1 Go to the Facebook Video. Below the video you will have option Embed this Video.#2 Copy the embedded code and paste it on your blog.The code will look somewhat similar to this.object width=300 height=240 param name=allowfullscreen value=true /param name=movie value=http://www.facebook.com/v/1671900191543 /embed sr c=http://www.facebook.com/v/1671900191543 type=application/x-shockwave-flash allowfullscreen=true width=300 height=240/embed/objectHere 1671900191543 is the video ID, each video has an unique ID.Embedding Others Facebook Videos On Your BlogThis section tells you the trick to embed others Facebook videos on your blog. You just have to replace the video ID.#1 Play that Facebook video, and at the end, select Go to video option to go to the video page.#2 Now find the Video ID on the address bar.Thats all, now replace the video ID in the above code I have mentioned. ??READHow I made 200$ for Doing Nothing (Literally) from My BlogRELATED : HOW TO: Download Facebook Videos In Three Easy Steps

Pros Cons of GMOs - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 881 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/03/20 Category Advertising Essay Type Argumentative essay Level High school Tags: GMO Essay Did you like this example? Throughout history, scientific research and the exploration of new technologies have always been areas of extreme controversy and heated debate. This can be primarily attributed to the fact that they touch upon and affect many aspects of people’s lives, not to mention their direct interference with political, social and religious matters. One of the latest and most ferociously debated technologies, that the scientific community has offered humanity, is the technology of Genetically Modified Organisms and in particular genetically modified foods. A Genetically Modified food is crop plant modified in a laboratory using molecular biology techniques with the goal of producing an organism with specific traits for various reasons. It is therefore only logical, given its nature that such a practice would both raise some serious ethical and moral questions as well as propose very viable solutions to chronic problems the world faces today. An area in which Genetically Modified Organisms are relatively prevalent is agriculture. Genetically Modified foods are created to serve the purpose of creating a crop plant for animal or plant utilization. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Pros Cons of GMOs" essay for you Create order According to Deborah B. Whitman, outcomes of the genetic modifications are desirable and seemingly harmless characteristics such as making the crop more pest resistant, disease resistant, herbicide resistant, or more nutritionally valuable. In addition to these advantages, this technology also has the potential to solve a very serious issue facing less developed countries; the issue of medication and pharmaceutics. Since the development and mass production of vaccination is very costly and requires a high degree of scientific advancement, many third world countries face a challenge when it comes to that aspect. GM food researchers have the ability to potentially integrate medications and vaccines into crops, thus solving this problem. The use of these techniques can also yield more crops which can help solve food shortages. With the global population hitting almost 6 billion, many parts of the world are bound to face food shortage problems. A continent such as Africa that suffers from a constant increase in population, combined with bad soil and dreadful weather conditions could surely benefit from such technologies. GM foods would definitely help solve this continent’s plight. There are, however, some very serious potential disadvantages. This seemingly incredible technology comes with a very serious price; the use of GM foods in mass agricultural production has the potential to present humanity with an array of consequences that can negatively affect human health, economic prosperity and the environment. Amongst the most potentially destructive effects of GM foods is its potential effect on human health. A significant part of the process relies on the introduction of certain proteins to organisms. Some of these proteins have never been ingested previously by human making their long term effects whether they could be good or bad unknown. The intake of GM foods might also result in unexpected allergic reactions. This happens because the process of developing GM foods sometimes involves the splitting or sharing of genes between organisms. For example if there is a desirable characteristic in organism A, the gene responsible for that characteristic can be extracted or duplicated then installed in organism B , that way both organisms have that desirable quality. The problem occurs when a person who is allergic to organism A ingests organism B (which in this case carries organism A’s gene), which then his body reacts to the newly introduced gene causing various potential harmful effects. The use of GMOs can also affect not only the organism subject to the modification but also the surrounding environment. This occurs specifically during the transfer of pollen between plants during reproduction. For example a plant that has been genetically modified to in order to be resistant to a certain pest can also harm other useful organisms that interact with it. The use of GM foods also affects the economy, both on a global and national scale. The use of GM foods can permanently damage the economy of developing countries. That is because developing countries do not have the technology or capital to develop the GM foods technology, thus putting them in a position where they can’t globally compete with developed countries that produce more and can sell at a cheaper price. Like all newly emerging technologies, the use of GMOs in food production has been met with much opposition from different groups, which is due to the ethical questions that the use of this technology raises. The use of GMOs does however propose solutions to some of the most pressing problems of our time, such as food shortages. It is therefore necessary and obligatory of the international community to carefully examine the long-term effects that the use of such practice might cause. This must happen before making definite judgments and decisions regarding the use of GMOs and more importantly GM foods. [ 1 ]. Whitman, Deborah B. Genetically Modified Foods: Harmful or Helpful? † Apr. 2000. Web. 24 Apr. 2010. . [ 2 ]. Whitman, Deborah B. Genetically Modified Foods: Harmful or Helpful? † Apr. 2000. Web. 24 Apr. 2010. . [ 3 ]. Whitman, Deborah B. Genetically Modified Foods: Harmful or Helpful? † Apr. 2000. Web. 24 Apr. 2010. . [ 4 ]. Executive Summary from the Genetically Modified Organism Exploratory Committee, https://www. macalester. edu/~montgomery/gmos2. htm [ 5 ]. Executive Summary from the Genetically Modified Organism Exploratory Committee, https://www . macalester. edu/~montgomery/gmos2. htm [ 6 ]. Scientific Facts on Genetically Modified Crops, https://www. greenfacts. org/en/gmo/2-genetically-modified-crops/5-gene-flow. htm

Flatback Sea Turtle Facts

Flatback turtles (Natator depressus) live primarily on the continental shelf of Australia and nest only on Australian beaches. Despite their limited range, probably less is known about this sea turtle species than the other six sea turtle species, which are more wide-ranging. Initial classification of flatback turtles led scientists to think they were related to Kemps ridley or green sea turtles, but evidence in the 1980s led scientists to determine that they were a separate, genetically distinct species. Description The flatback turtle (also called the Australian flatback) grows to about 3 feet in length and weighs about 150-200 pounds. These turtles have an olive-colored or gray carapace and pale yellow plastron (bottom shell). Their carapace is soft and often turns up at its edge. Classification Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataClass: ReptiliaOrder: TestudinesFamily: CheloniidaeGenus: NatatorSpecies: depressus (referred to as depressa in the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS)) Habitat and Distribution Flatback turtles are found in the Pacific Ocean, primarily in waters off Australia and Papua New Guinea and occasionally off Indonesia. They tend to frequent relatively shallow, coastal waters less than 200 feet deep. Feeding Flatback turtles are omnivores that  feed on invertebrates such as jellyfish, sea pens, sea cucumbers, crustaceans and mollusks, and seaweed. Reproduction Flatback turtles nest along the northern coast of Australia, from Western Australia to Queensland. Males and females mate offshore. Mating often results in bites and scratches in the females soft skin, which later heal. Females come ashore to lay their eggs. They dig a nest that is about 2 feet deep and lay a clutch of 50-70 eggs at one time. They may lay eggs every 2 weeks during the nesting season and return every 2-3 years to nest. Although the egg clutch size of flatback turtles is relatively small, flatbacks lay unusually large eggs - even though they are a medium-sized turtle, their eggs are almost as big as those of the leatherback - a much larger species. The eggs weigh about 2.7 ounces. The eggs incubate for 48-66 days. The length of time depends on how warm the nest is, with warmer nests hatching sooner. The baby turtles weigh 1.5 ounces when they hatch and carry undigested yolk, which will nourish them during their initial time at sea. Flatback turtle nest and hatchling predators include saltwater crocodiles, lizards, birds, and crabs. Once they reach the ocean, hatchlings do not go into deeper waters like other sea turtle species but stay in shallow waters along the coast. Conservation The flatback turtle is listed as Data Deficient on the IUCN RedList, and vulnerable under the Australian Environment Protection Biodiversity Conservation Act. Threats include harvesting for eggs, bycatch in fisheries, nest and hatchling predation, entanglement in or ingestion of marine debris and habitat destruction and pollution. References and Further Information Australian Government. EPBC Act List of Threatened Fauna.IUCN Marine Turtle Specialist Group. Flatback Turtle: Natator depressus .Red List Standards Petitions Subcommittee 1996. Natator depressus.  IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.Spotila, James R. Sea Turtles: A Complete Guide to Their Biology, Behavior and Conservation 2004. The Johns Hopkins University Press.SWOT. State of the Worlds Sea Turtles.Waller, Geoffrey, ed. SeaLife: A Complete Guide to the Marine Environment. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, D.C. 1996.

There Are Many Types Of Conditioning That People Used To

There are many types of conditioning that people used to learn things. The first type of condition that we talk about in this paper is classical condition. The second type of conditioning is called operant conditioning. And the last type of conditioning is vicarious conditioning / Observational Learning. These are the 3 main types of conditioning that we use in are daily life. Classical Conditioning Classical conditioning is one of the most basic forms of learning that we use today. You can see it being used in things like pet training to teaching kids how to do something. The term classical conditioning means â€Å"learning to elicit an involuntary, reflex –like response to a stimulus other than the original, natural stimulus that normally†¦show more content†¦Operant conditioning Operant condition focus on how an organisms learns a response a voluntary responses and how they can be guided though positive and negative reinforcement. Thorndike’s puzzle box he place a hungry cat inside a box with food on the outside. The only thing the cat had to do was press the lever and escape to get the food. Though at first it took a while for the cat to get out but after few trials with each getting faster. With the time getting fast and faster it was pretty safe so assume the cat figure out a way to get out of the box was to push the lever. Which lead to the law of effect â€Å"if an action is followed by a pleasurable consequence, it will tend to be repeated† (Ciccarelli White, 2017 p.188). This is an example of positive reinforcement the cat escaping from the box there is food to reward when it is successful. Here are the two kinds of reinforcement there is positive reinforcement. Positive reinforcement is when you add a reward and negative reinforcement is the removal of a thing. We also have primary and secondary enforcements that are a part of this as well. An example of would be when I go to work for Meijer pushing carts I get reward with a paycheck once a week which is a second dairy reinforcement. Money is a secondary reinforcement because you can use it to get other goods vs a primary which you can use yourself like food and clothing. Another example of operant conditioning that is a negativeShow MoreRelatedPavlov s Classical Conditioning Vs. Operant Conditioning1172 Words   |  5 PagesPavlov’s Classical Conditioning vs. B.F. Skinner’s Operant Conditioning Bhavika D. Patel Atlantic Community College Abstract Ivan Pavlov and B.F. Skinner both studied learning, in which they both did different experiments on different animals and with different conditioning. Classical conditioning is the process in which two stimuli become linked; once this association has been recognized, an originally neutral stimulus is conditioned to provoke an involuntary response. The dogs in Pavlov’s studiesRead MoreRespondent and Instrumental Conditioning as Related to Phobias and Addictions1004 Words   |  5 PagesRespondent and Instrumental Conditioning as related to Phobias and Addictions Many people who suffer from phobias also suffer from addictions. This is largely due in part to the reluctance to seek professional treatment for the phobia. People turn to other means to cope with their phobias which in turn leads to addictions. Dependence is such an issue with addiction that stopping is very difficult and causes severe physical and mental reactions. Therapist use a technique called extinction toRead MoreClassical and Operant Conditioning Essay1000 Words   |  4 PagesWhile many people may believe that learning is just a natural response that all animals are capable of, there is actually a more complex explanation on how we learn the things we do in order to survive in the world. Classical conditioning and operant conditioning are both basic forms of learning, they have the word conditioning in common. Conditioning is the acquisition of specific patterns of behavior in the presence of well-defined stimuli. Classical conditioning is a type of learning in whichRead MoreThe Learning Theory Of Action1472 Words   |  6 Pagesprocessed, and retained during learning. There are many different views of the learning theory and many different groups of people who have studied and still study the learning theory. Among these groups are behaviorists, cognitive theorists, transformative learning theorists, and those who advocate for constructivism. In my paper I will talk mostly about the behaviorist’s views on learning and how they believe that learning is an aspect of conditioning. behaviorists, like other observers of the learningRead MoreOperant Conditioning : History And Application Essay775 Words   |  4 PagesOperant Conditioning Never Goes Out of Style: The History and Application of Operant Conditioning Since the beginning of time people have wanted to control others behaviors and this want is still prevalent in the world. One way people can achieve this is through operant conditioning. Experiments that worked with controlling behavior by awarding or removing a reinforcement or punishment were conducted over one hundred years ago (Chance 1999). Unlike some psychological theories that become irrelevantRead MoreSituational Conditioning And Classical Conditioning1053 Words   |  5 Pagesare many psychological factors people use on a day to day basis. Many factors such as the way people act, talk, think, and go about their day have some form of psychological conditioning or theory. However, people are unaware of the factors they put in on a day to day basis. Psychologists have made it so that people can fully comprehend these theories. This paper will show how everyday scenarios in the educational field can be broken down and analyzed through behaviorism, the different types of con ditioningsRead MoreBehaviorism s Theory Of Psychology983 Words   |  4 Pagesor activities of the human being. Etymology The word behaviorism originates from the Middle French word behavior, meaning the observable activity in human and animal. This term was coined in 1913 by the United States psychologist John B. Watson. Many of the concepts of analysis of behavior can be traced back to Pavlov. Pavlov focused on the behavior of animals. History of Behaviorism The history of behaviorism began in the early 20th century in North America. A psychologist by the name of JohnRead MoreLearning Experience Paper1290 Words   |  6 Pagesclassical conditioning, operant conditioning and cognitive- social learning theory. First of all, I would begin by describing my experience of learning to fear lizards with regards to classical conditioning. To give some context to the situation, I was raised in India where lizards, usually in large numbers, are often found on walls particularly during the summer months. I strongly believe that my fear of lizards can be explained using Pavlov s classical conditioning. Classical conditioning is theRead MoreWhen Mental Health Problems, Otherwise Known As Psychopathology,1510 Words   |  7 PagesWhen mental health problems, otherwise known as psychopathology, are diagnosed or determined, a path to understanding and healing can take place for the person suffering. However, there are many different approaches for psychological therapy. Most of these approaches view mental health illnesses as a normal and adaptive reaction to stressful or difficult conditions in one’s life (Davey, 2011). Another aspect most psychological approaches to psychopathology have in comm on is, their view that mentalRead MoreThe Theory Of Operant Conditioning1212 Words   |  5 PagesOperant conditioning (sometimes referred to as instrumental conditioning) is a method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for behavior. Through operant conditioning, an association is made between a behavior and a consequence for that behavior. For example, when a lab rat presses a blue button, he receives a food pellet as a reward, but when he presses the red button he receives a mild electric shock. As a result, he learns to press the blue button but avoid the red button. The

Human Detection for Robotic Urban Search and Rescueâ€Free samples

Question: Describe about the Human Detection for Robotic Urban Search and Rescue? Answer: There are five articles considered for the literature review of the research topic. The review is done on multiple dimensions of exploration, development and technical aspects of the robotics applied for the search and rescue in disaster zones. The selected articles contribute the research in various aspects and dimensions. The technology of robotics deal with the machines that is automated with intended design and development to take the place of humans, especially in dangerous or hazardous environments. Amil Lafih and Naweed Meer have given good overview of the rescue robots in their article. The overview covers wider timeline from background to the future of the rescue robots in the robotics, as well as the multiple dimensions, like different kinds of rescue robots, the process of deployment and process of rescue in both natural and manmade disasters in the world. The real time usage of the rescue robots are detailed along with the example rescue robots deployed in World Trade Center, Hurricane Katrina, Sogo Mine, etc. in their article. Yeh S, Hsu C. have dug the deeper technical aspects of the rescue robots with remote control. Different wireless communication systems are discussed and compared to adapt to the rescue robots, detailing the corresponding advantages and disadvantages. Wireless communication systems IEEE 802.11g and ZigBee are explored in detail with hardware realization, function, operating and its resultant simulations. The technical aspects described in detailed manner are inspiring the newer aspirants of robotics technology and stand as motivation factor to improve the technology. In another article written by Trupti, Satyanarayana and Moresh, mobile rescue robots are described of how these are used in detecting the human body in the disaster sites, during the rescue operations. Designing aspects like its microcontroller, sensor, camera, robot driver and transmission units along with the communication among them through software are well described. In another article written by De Cubber, G. the development of unmanned search and rescue robots called Search and Rescue Robots, SAR is another interesting learning in the research. Combination of various kinds of rescue robots and various technologies in robots are revealed from the ICARUS project. Matsuno, Sato, Kon have articulated, what and how they have deployed the rescue robots in the major disaster in the world, Tsunami. Specifications of the robots are well described. The interesting part of this article is what activities are done, how the timely decisions are taken to effectively utilize the rescue robots to recover from this disaster. The sequence of activities and the respective lessons learned in real time disaster recovery is a good learning in this research work. The united effort to recover the disaster underwater is real time example towards exploring the achievements and challenges of the robotics technologies. All the five articles are informative and enforced learning in various aspects and dimensions of the robotics. The articles enriched the literature review touching the technology in multiple dimensions. However, there are certain limitations in the scope and content of each article, as each one covered limited aspects of the robotics technology, still each piece of information is valuable for this research. References: 1. Burion, Steve (2004), Casper, J. (2002), Amerada, Yams, Igarashit, Matsunos, (2004) and Cappello, C., etal (2005) Human Detection for Robotic Urban Search and Rescue Carnegie Mellon University, Institute of Production Robotique (IPR) LSRO2 VRAI-Group, Microtechnique, February 2004.2. Habib, M K (2006). Service Robots and Humanitarian demining. Chapter 23 in Mobile Robotics: Toward New Applications, (Ed.) A. Lazinica, ARS- proliterature Verlag Publishers, pp. 449-480.3. Baca, M. Ferre, R. Aracil and A. Campos. 2010. A Modular Robot Systems Design and Control Motion Modes for Locomotion and Manipulation Tasks. International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems.4. Z.(2008). Hsu. C. (2008). Shih. T.(2008). Remote Control Realization of Distribution Rescue Robot via the Wireless Network, 2928 2932. Retrieved from https://www.ieeexplore.ieee.org/articles/4655164 (20 -22/08/2008)5. Amil Lafin, Naweed Meer, An Overview of Rescue Robots. Retrieved from https://www.idt.mdh.se/kur ser/ct3340/ht11/MINICONFERENCE/FinalPapers/ircse11_submission_7.pdf on 10/3/20156. Trupti B. Bhondve, Prof.R.Satyanarayan, Prof. Moresh Mukhedkar, Mobile Rescue Robot for Human Body Detection in Rescue Operation of Disaster, International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Vol.3, Issue 6, June 2014. Retrieved from https://www.ijareeie.com/upload/2014/june/12_Mobile.pdf on 10/03/20157. De Cubber, G, Serrano, D. Berns, K. Chintamani, K. Sabino R. and Ourevitch, S. Search and Rescue Robots Developed by the European ICARUS Project. European Communitys Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement number 285417.8. Matsuno F, Sato N, Kon K, Igarashi H, Kimura T and Murphy R. Utilization of Robot Systems in Disaster Sites of the Great Eastern Japan Earthquake. Field and Service Robotics, 1 Springer Tracts in Advanced Robotics 92, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-40686-7_1, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014